How to Run a Python Script on Linux: A Beginner’s Guide

Running a Python script on Linux is a fundamental skill for developers and system administrators. Thanks to its versatility and ease of use, Python is a popular choice for automating tasks, analyzing data, building applications, and managing systems.

The Basics of Running Python Scripts on Linux

Python’s integration with Linux-based systems is seamless, thanks to the availability of interpreters and libraries in Linux repositories. We’ll explain how to run a Python script in your remote server’s Linux command line and address common errors you might encounter.

Prerequisites

Before we begin, ensure you have the following details of your VPS ready:

Server IP address
SSH port
SSH username
SSH password

If you’re a Hostinger user, you’ll find these details under VPS→Server Details→Manage. Your credentials are located under the SSH access tab.

How to Execute a Python Script in Your Linux VPS Command Line

1. Transfer a Python Script to VPS

To run your Python script, you need to transfer it from your local machine to your VPS. There are several ways to do this, each offering different levels of complexity and security.

Here are some file-transferring methods and protocols:

Secure Copy Protocol (SCP)
rsync
SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol)
Secure Shell (SSH) protocol

Using SCP

SCP relies on SSH for secure data transfer, encrypting both the file and authentication information. Use the following command to copy files:

scp [path to file/folder on your machine] [username@IP address]:[path to desired location on VPS]

Using rsync

rsync is an efficient method for syncing files and directories between two locations. To use rsync, ensure it’s installed on your VPS and use the command:

rsync [options] [path to file/folder on your machine] [username@IP address]:[path to desired location on VPS]

2. Make Sure Python Is Installed on Your VPS

Most Linux distributions come with Python preinstalled. To check if Python is installed, run the command:

python --version

3. Make Your Script Executable

Make your script executable by adding a shebang line at the top:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

Use chmod to set execute permissions:

chmod +x [Python file]

4. Run the Script and View it in the Terminal

Use the following command to execute your script:

./executable.py

5. View Logs

Check system logs for errors or messages generated by the script. Use less or tail commands to view log files in /var/log.

Running a Python Code Interactively

1. Launching Python’s Interactive Mode

Launch Python’s interactive mode by typing Python or Python3 into the terminal.

2. Executing Python Commands Interactively

Enter Python commands directly in interactive mode to see their output immediately.

3. Exiting Interactive Mode

Type exit() or press Ctrl + D on your keyboard to exit interactive mode.

Troubleshooting Common Execution Errors

Permission Denied Error

Use chmod +x [Python file] to grant execute permissions to your script.

No Such File or Directory Error

Ensure you are in the correct directory or provide the full path to the script.

Python Version Compatibility

Specify the desired Python version when running the script.

Interpreter Not Found Error

Install Python using the package manager if not installed.

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Conclusion

Linux is a powerful tool that makes running Python scripts a breeze. Whether for automation, system management, or application development, these steps will help you execute Python code smoothly.

How to Run a Python Script in Linux FAQ

How Do I Run a Python Executable in Linux?

Navigate to the executable’s directory and run it using the ./ prefix followed by the filename.

What’s the Difference Between Running Python Scripts Interactively and From the Command Line?

Interactive mode allows you to execute commands line by line, while command line execution runs the entire script at once.

How Can I Run a Python Script at Scheduled Times on Linux?

Create a cron job to schedule script execution at specific times.

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Esther Kumi

Esther is a copywriter for SaaS and Tech companies. She has a background in engineering and software development. When she’s not writing, she’s conducting creative experiments, inventing systems, writing screenplays, or laughing at her own dad jokes. Follow her on LinkedIn.

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